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1.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e253624, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448954

ABSTRACT

O campo dos estudos transpessoais tem avançado em diversas áreas no Brasil. Comemorou seus 40 anos com uma inserção ativa nas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) e uma ampliação de núcleos formativos e apoiadores de ensino, pesquisa e ações sociais, além de diálogos com o Sistema de Conselhos de Psicologia. Desafios são apresentados a partir do levantamento de uma série de questões importantes e ignoradas dentro da Psicologia Transpessoal no Brasil. Apresentamos o pluriperspectivismo participativo como possibilidade de decolonizar as matrizes eurocêntricas e estadunidenses, que dão suporte ao pensamento transpessoal brasileiro, buscando honrar nossas raízes históricas e incluir outras epistemologias e ontologias, que dão continuidade à crítica à lógica cartesiana moderna. Indicamos uma breve agenda de notas temáticas que carecem de um processo decolonizador no campo transpessoal: a) crítica às perspectivas de um pensamento hegemônico, em termos globais por meio da dominação Norte-Sul ou no campo das relações sociais; b) revisão das formas de "centrocentrismo"; c) questionamento da noção de universalismo das ciências e da ética; d) aprofundamento da análise crítica da supremacia restritiva da racionalidade formal técnico-científica em relação às formas de subjetividade, de vivências holísticas e integradoras e de valorização do corpo; e) revisão da noção de sujeito moderno desprovida da cocriação do humano com a comunidade, a história, a natureza e o cosmos.(AU)


The field of transpersonal studies has advanced in several areas in Brazil. It celebrated its 40th anniversary with an active insertion in Higher Education Institutions (HEI) and an expansion of training centers and supporters of teaching, research, and social actions, in addition to dialogues with the System of Councils of Psychology. Challenges are presented based on a survey of a series of important and ignored issues within Transpersonal Psychology in Brazil. We present participatory pluriperspectivism as a possibility to decolonize the Eurocentric and North American matrices that support Brazilian transpersonal thought, seeking to honor our historical roots and include other epistemologies and ontologies, which continue the critique of modern Cartesian logic. We indicate a brief agenda of thematic notes that lack a decolonizing process in the transpersonal field: a) criticism of the perspectives of a hegemonic thought, whether in global terms via North-South domination or in the field of social relations; b) review of the forms of "centrocentrism"; c) questioning of the notion of universalism of science and ethics; d) deepening of the critical analysis of the restrictive supremacy of the technical-scientific formal rationality in relation to the forms of subjectivity, of holistic and integrative experiences, and of valuing the body; e) review of the notion of the modern subject devoid of the co-creation of the human with the community, the history, the nature, and the cosmos.(AU)


El campo de los estudios transpersonales ha avanzado en varias áreas de Brasil. Se celebró su 40.º aniversario con una inserción activa en Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) y una ampliación de los centros de formación y promotores de la docencia, la investigación y la acción social, además de diálogos con el Sistema de Consejos de Psicología. Los desafíos se presentan a partir de una encuesta de una serie de temas importantes e ignorados dentro de la Psicología Transpersonal en Brasil. Presentamos el pluriperspectivismo participativo como una posibilidad para decolonizar las matrices eurocéntrica y americana, que sustentan el pensamiento transpersonal brasileño, buscando honrar nuestras raíces históricas e incluir otras epistemologías y ontologías que continúan la crítica de la lógica cartesiana moderna. Indicamos una breve agenda de apuntes temáticos que carecen de un proceso decolonizador en el campo transpersonal: a) crítica de las perspectivas de un pensamiento hegemónico, ya sea en términos globales a través del dominio Norte-Sur o en el campo de las relaciones sociales; b) revisión de las formas de "centrocentrismo"; c) cuestionamiento de la noción de universalismo de la ciencia y la ética; d) profundización del análisis crítico de la supremacía restrictiva de la racionalidad formal técnico-científica en relación a las formas de subjetividad, de experiencias holísticas e integradoras y de valoración del cuerpo; e) revisión de la noción de sujeto moderno desprovisto de la cocreación de lo humano con la comunidad, la historia, la naturaleza y el cosmos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Colonialism , Spirituality , Social Participation , Life Course Perspective , Philosophy , Politics , Art , Practice, Psychological , Prejudice , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Psychophysiology , Psychotherapy , Rationalization , Aspirations, Psychological , Religion and Psychology , Self-Assessment , Self Concept , Achievement , Social Justice , Social Problems , Social Sciences , Societies , Specialization , Superego , Time , Transsexualism , Unconscious, Psychology , Universities , Vitalism , Work , Behavior , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Behaviorism , Black or African American , Humans , Self Disclosure , Adaptation, Psychological , Career Choice , Poverty Areas , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Organizations , Health , Mental Health , Conflict of Interest , Comment , Mental Competency , Personal Construct Theory , Problem-Based Learning , Congresses as Topic , Conscience , Cultural Diversity , Knowledge , Western World , Qi , Feminism , Life , Cooperative Behavior , Cultural Characteristics , Cultural Evolution , Culture , Professional Misconduct , Personal Autonomy , Personhood , Death , Human Characteristics , Parturition , Drive , Education , Ego , Ethics, Professional , Ethnology , Existentialism , Resilience, Psychological , Theory of Mind , Apathy , Racism , Academic Performance , Worldview , Ethnocentrism , Egocentrism , Health Belief Model , Psychosocial Functioning , Social Comparison , Freedom of Religion , Diversity, Equity, Inclusion , Family Structure , Psychological Well-Being , Goals , Hallucinogens , Holistic Health , Human Rights , Humanism , Id , Individuality , Individuation , Life Change Events , Literature , Malpractice , Anthropology , Morals , Motivation , Mysticism , Mythology
2.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e253741, 2023. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448940

ABSTRACT

Apesar das crescentes investigações sobre uso de telas na infância, essa é uma temática complexa e ainda recente, que traz diversos desafios para pesquisadores e cuidadores. Comunidades virtuais em redes sociais são utilizadas por mães e pais para esclarecer dúvidas e receber conselhos acerca da parentalidade e saúde infantil, podendo, simultaneamente, assumir uma função prescritiva e normativa quanto ao seu modo de agir. Sendo assim, este artigo pretende compreender como o uso de telas na infância vem sendo abordado por especialistas em grupos de mães e pais no Facebook. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo envolvendo 49 postagens de especialistas, sobretudo psicólogos e educadores, extraídas de cinco grupos públicos de mães e pais nessa rede social. Os textos das publicações foram verificados por meio de análise temática e discutidos com base no referencial teórico psicanalítico. Os resultados mostraram que os especialistas destacam os possíveis prejuízos do uso de telas na infância, além de fornecer orientações aos pais sobre como lidar com sua presença no cotidiano das crianças e de suas famílias. Concluiu-se que apesar dos grupos de cuidadores no Facebook serem uma ferramenta de divulgação de informações acerca do uso de telas na infância, cabe não naturalizar a presença de especialistas nesses espaços virtuais criados por pais e mães, interpondo-se nos saberes e nas trocas horizontalizadas entre os cuidadores.(AU)


Although investigations on the use of screens in childhood are increasing, this is a complex and recent topic, which poses several challenges for researchers and caregivers. Virtual communities in social networks are used by mothers and fathers to clarify doubts and receive advice regarding parenting and child health, at times, simultaneously, assuming a prescriptive and normative role on their way of acting. Therefore, this study aimed to understand how the use of screens in childhood has been approached by experts in groups of mothers and fathers on Facebook. A qualitative study was carried out involving 49 posts from specialists, mainly psychologists and educators, extracted from five public groups of mothers and fathers in this social network. The publications' texts were verified via thematic analysis and discussed based on the psychoanalytical theoretical framework. The results showed that experts highlight the possible damage of the use of screens in childhood, in addition to providing guidance to parents on how to deal with the presence of digital technology in the daily lives of children and families. It was concluded that, although caregivers' groups on Facebook are a tool for disseminating information about the use of screens in childhood, it is important not to naturalize the presence of specialists in these virtual spaces created by fathers and mothers, interposing in the horizontally interchanges that occur between the caregivers.(AU)


A pesar de las crecientes investigaciones sobre el uso de pantallas en la infancia, este es un tema complejo y aún reciente, que plantea varios desafíos para investigadores y cuidadores. Las comunidades virtuales en las redes sociales son utilizadas por madres y padres para aclarar dudas y recibir consejos sobre educación y salud infantil, pudiendo, al mismo tiempo, asumir un rol prescriptivo y normativo sobre su forma de actuar. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender cómo el uso de las pantallas en la infancia ha sido abordado por especialistas en grupos de madres y padres en Facebook. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo a partir de 49 publicaciones de especialistas, principalmente de psicólogos y educadores, extraídas de cinco grupos públicos de madres y padres en esta red social. Se realizó en los textos de las publicaciones un análisis temático y se utilizó el marco teórico psicoanalítico. Los resultados mostraron que los expertos destacan posibles daños que provoca el uso de pantallas en la infancia, además de orientar a los padres sobre cómo afrontar esta presencia de la tecnología digital en el día a día de los niños y sus familias. Se concluyó que, a pesar de que los grupos de cuidadores en Facebook son una herramienta de difusión de información sobre el uso de pantallas en la infancia, es importante no naturalizar la presencia de especialistas en estos espacios virtuales creados por padres y madres que se interpone entre los saberes e intercambios horizontales de los cuidadores.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Psychoanalysis , Child , Social Networking , Anxiety , Parent-Child Relations , Pediatrics , Personality Development , Personality Disorders , Play and Playthings , Psychology , Psychology, Educational , Aspirations, Psychological , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity , Schools , Autistic Disorder , Sleep , Achievement , Social Change , Social Isolation , Socialization , Sports , Stress, Physiological , Technology , Television , Thinking , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Behavior Therapy , Books, Illustrated , Neurosciences , Bereavement , Exercise , Child Behavior , Child Care , Child Development , Child Guidance , Child Health Services , Child Rearing , Child Welfare , Mental Health , Child Health , Parenting , Negotiating , Caregivers , Health Personnel , Cognition , Communication , Early Intervention, Educational , Video Games , Internet , Creativity , Affect , Threshold Limit Values , Cultural Characteristics , Cybernetics , Metabolic Syndrome , Moral Development , Cell Phone , Depression , Diabetes Mellitus , Educational Status , Emotions , User Embracement , Population Studies in Public Health , Overweight , Child Nutrition , Failure to Thrive , Fantasy , Sunbathing , Emotional Intelligence , Sedentary Behavior , Video-Audio Media , Pediatric Obesity , Mobile Applications , Social Skills , Courage , Sociological Factors , Emotional Adjustment , Literacy , Neurodevelopmental Disorders , Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder , Games, Recreational , Cell Phone Use , Frustration , Internet Addiction Disorder , Social Interaction , COVID-19 , Technology Addiction , Happiness , Helplessness, Learned , Hobbies , Hospitals, Maternity , Hypertension , Imagination , Individuality , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Language Development Disorders , Learning , Learning Disabilities , Leisure Activities , Life Style , Mother-Child Relations , Motor Activity , Nonverbal Communication
3.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e262428, 2023. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1529203

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer a experiência de alguns professores ao lecionar projeto de vida durante a implementação do componente curricular Projeto de Vida no estado de São Paulo. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter exploratório. Participaram do estudo sete professoras que lecionavam o componente curricular Projeto de Vida em duas escolas públicas, de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo, escolhidas por conveniência. Foram utilizados o Questionário de Dados Sociodemográficos e o Protocolo de Entrevista Semiestruturada para Projeto de Vida de Professores, elaborados para este estudo. As professoras foram entrevistadas individualmente, on-line, e as entrevistas foram gravadas em áudio e vídeo. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise temática. Os resultados indicaram possibilidades e desafios em relação à implementação do componente curricular Projeto de Vida. Constatou- se que a maioria das docentes afirmou que escolheu esse componente curricular devido à necessidade de atingir a carga horária exigida na rede estadual. As professoras criticaram a proposta, os conteúdos e os materiais desse componente curricular. As críticas apresentadas pelas professoras estão em consonância com aquelas presentes na literatura em relação à reforma do Ensino Médio e ao Inova Educação. Esses resultados sugerem a necessidade de formação tanto nos cursos de licenciatura quanto em ações de formação continuada, para que os professores se sintam mais seguros e preparados para lecionar o componente curricular Projeto de Vida na Educação Básica. Propõe-se uma perspectiva de formação pautada na reflexão e na troca entre os pares para a construção de um projeto coletivo da escola para o componente Projeto de Vida.(AU)


This study aimed to know the experience of some teachers when teaching life purpose during the implementation of the curricular component "Life Purpose" (Projeto de Vida) in the state of São Paulo. A qualitative, exploratory research was carried out. Seven teachers who taught the curricular component "Life Purpose" (Projeto de Vida) in two public schools in a city in the inland state of São Paulo, chosen for convenience, participated in the study. The Sociodemographic Data Questionnaire and the Semi-structured Interview Protocol for Teachers' Life Purposes, developed for this study, were used. The teachers were interviewed individually, online, and the interviews were recorded in audio and video. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results indicated possibilities and challenges regarding the implementation of the Life Purpose curricular component. It was found that most teachers chose this curricular component due to the need to reach the required workload in the state network. The teachers criticized the proposal, the contents and the materials of this curricular component. Teacher's critics are in line with the criticisms present in the literature regarding the reform of High School and Inova Educação. Therefore, training is essential, both in undergraduate courses and in continuing education actions, so that teachers can teach the curricular component Life Purpose in Basic Education. A training perspective based on reflection and exchange between peers is proposed for the construction of a collective school project for the Life Purpose component.(AU)


El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la experiencia de algunos profesores al enseñar proyecto de vida durante la implementación del componente curricular Proyecto de Vida en el estado de São Paulo. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa, exploratoria. Participaron en el estudio siete profesores que impartían el componente curricular Proyecto de Vida en dos escuelas públicas en un municipio del estado de São Paulo, elegidos por conveniencia. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos y el protocolo de entrevista semiestructurada para proyectos de vida de profesores, desarrollados para este estudio. Las entrevistas a los profesores fueron en línea, de manera individual, y fueron grabadas en audio y video. Los datos se sometieron a un análisis temático. Los resultados indicaron posibilidades y desafíos en relación a la implementación del componente curricular Proyecto de Vida. La mayoría de los profesores declararon elegir este componente curricular por la necesidad de alcanzar la carga horaria requerida en la red estatal. Los profesionales criticaron la propuesta, los contenidos y los materiales de este componente curricular. Las críticas presentadas están en línea con las críticas presentes en la literatura respecto a la reforma de la educación básica e Inova Educação. Por lo tanto, la formación es fundamental, tanto en los cursos de grado como en las acciones de educación permanente, para que los profesores puedan impartir el componente curricular Proyecto de Vida en la educación básica. Se propone una formación basada en la reflexión y el intercambio entre pares para la construcción de un proyecto escolar colectivo en el componente Proyecto de Vida.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Work , Life , Education, Primary and Secondary , Projects , Faculty , Organization and Administration , Organizational Innovation , Orientation , Perception , Politics , Problem Solving , Professional Competence , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Public Policy , Aspirations, Psychological , Salaries and Fringe Benefits , Self Concept , Self-Evaluation Programs , Social Change , Social Conditions , Social Responsibility , Social Values , Socioeconomic Factors , Sociology , Technology , Thinking , Behavior , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Population Characteristics , Mentors , Adaptation, Psychological , Organizational Culture , Family , Schools, Public Health , Adolescent , Employment, Supported , Workplace , Interview , Time Management , Cognition , Concept Formation , Congresses as Topic , Creativity , Disaster Vulnerability , Cultural Characteristics , Culture , Moral Obligations , Decision Making , Education , Education, Professional , Educational Measurement , Employee Incentive Plans , Methodology as a Subject , Ethics, Professional , Professional Training , Planning , Process Optimization , Pandemics , Remuneration , Hope , Mindfulness , Social Skills , Social Capital , Optimism , Teacher Training , Academic Performance , Freedom , Mentalization , Respect , Teleworking , Interprofessional Education , Social Interaction , COVID-19 , Sociodemographic Factors , Citizenship , Human Development , Interpersonal Relations , Learning , Methods
4.
Rev. psicanal ; 27(3): 605-625, Dezembro 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1252774

ABSTRACT

Objetivamos compreender o termo desejo do psicanalista enquanto direção ética da psicanálise. Para isso, o texto partirá de contribuições da conceituação do termo desejo em Freud como introdução ao termo desejo do psicanalista nomeado por Lacan, lugar esvaziado de intenções pessoais e de promessas de felicidade ao seu analisante. Ao longo do trabalho, serão revisitados alguns pontos essenciais da clássica obra literária O banquete de Platão de acordo com Lacan, destacando a relação de Sócrates e Alcibíades como possibilidade de contraponto da práxis psicanalítica. Em uma correlação com essa práxis, Sócrates foi colocado no lugar de objeto perdido, objeto agalmático para Alcibíades, ocupando um lugar de objeto na transferência do amor depositado por este último. Diante da sua sustentação e do desejo de não ceder ao discurso sedutor deste participante, Sócrates relança-o ao seu próprio desejo, tal como é recomendado a um psicanalista na condução de um tratamento. Finalmente, esse exemplo irá nos levar a uma reflexão quanto ao rigor ético da psicanálise como norteadora do desejo do psicanalista (AU)


We aim to understand the term psychoanalyst's desire as an ethical direction of psychoanalysis. For this, the text will start from contributions of the conceptualization of the term desire in Freud as an introduction to the term desire of the psychoanalyst named by Lacan, a place emptied of his personal intentions and promises of happiness to his analysand. Throughout the work, some essential points of the classic literary work Plato's The banquet will be revisited by Lacan, highlighting the relationship between Socrates and Alcibiades as a possibility for counterpointing psychoanalytic praxis. In a correlation with this praxis, Socrates may have been placed in the place of a lost object, an agalmatic object for Alcibiades, who occupied an object`s place in the transference and love deposited by the latter. Given the support and desire not to give in to this participant's seductive speech, Socrates relaunches it to his own desire as recommended by a psychoanalyst when conducting a treatment. Finally, this example will enlighten us for a reflection on the ethical rigor of psychoanalysis as guiding the psychoanalyst's desire (AU)


Nuestro objetivo es entender el término deseo del psicoanalista como una dirección ética del psicoanálisis. Para esto, el texto comenzará con contribuciones de la conceptualización del término deseo en Freud como una introducción al término deseo del psicoanalista nombrado por Lacan, un lugar vaciado de sus intenciones personales y promesas de felicidad para su analizante. Se explorarán algunos puntos esenciales de la obra literaria clásica El banquete de Platón por Lacan, destacando la relación entre Sócrates y Alcibíades como una posibilidad de contrapunto a la praxis psicoanalítica. En una correlación con esta praxis, Sócrates puede haber sido colocado en el lugar de objeto perdido, objeto agalmático para Alcibíades, quien ocupó un lugar de objeto en la transferencia y el amor depositado por este último. Delante su apoyo y deseo de no ceder ante el discurso seductor de este participante, Sócrates lo relanza a su propio deseo según lo recomendado por un psicoanalista cuando realiza el tratamiento. Finalmente, este ejemplo nos iluminará para reflexionar sobre el rigor ético del psicoanálisis como guía para el deseo del psicoanalista (AU)


Subject(s)
Volition , Aspirations, Psychological
5.
Rev. bras. orientac. prof ; 21(1): 53-65, jan.-jun. 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | INDEXPSI, LILACS | ID: biblio-1126080

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do artigo foi testar os efeitos de uma intervenção on-line que visa facilitar a escolha por áreas de estágio de estudantes de psicologia. Participaram da pesquisa 18 estudantes de psicologia, sexo feminino e dos 7º e 8º semestres. Foram aplicados a Escala de Adaptabilidade de Carreira, o Inventário de Cristalização das Preferências Profissionais e a Escala de Interesses por Áreas da Psicologia. Foram feitas comparações entre as pontuações das participantes nas avaliações pré e pós intervenção, além da apresentação de um estudo de caso. Os resultados indicaram que a intervenção foi eficaz na promoção da decisão profissional. O estudo de caso forneceu informações importantes para a compreensão de como ocorreram as mudanças evidenciadas, sendo novos estudos sugeridos.


The purpose of the article was to test the effects of an online intervention that aims to facilitate a choice by student psychology internship areas. Participated in the study 18 psychology students, female and 7th, and 8th semester. A Career Adapt-Abilities Scale, Professional Crystallization Inventory, and Interests Scale by Areas of Psychology were applied. Comparisons were made between the scores of the participants in the assessment pre and post-intervention, as well as the presentation of a case study. The results indicated that the intervention was effective in the promotion of professional decisions. The case study provided important information for the understanding of how occurred as evidenced changes, with new studies being suggested.


El objetivo del artículo fue probar los efectos de una intervención en línea que busca facilitar la elección de las áreas de práctica de los estudiantes de psicología. Participaron de la investigación 18 estudiantes de psicología, de sexo femenino y del 7º y 8º semestre. Se aplicaron la Escala de Adaptabilidad de Carrera, el Inventario de Cristalización de las Preferencias Profesionales y la Escala de Intereses por Áreas de la Psicología. Se realizaron comparaciones entre las puntuaciones de las participantes en las evaluaciones pre y post intervención, además de la presentación de un estudio de caso. Los resultados indicaron que la intervención fue eficaz en la promoción de la decisión profesional. El estudio de caso proporcionó información importante para entender cómo ocurrieron los cambios evidenciados, y finalmente son sugeridos nuevos estudios.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Public Policy , Aspirations, Psychological , Students , Training Support , Vocational Guidance , Career Mobility
6.
Psico USF ; 24(3): 489-500, jul.-set. 2019. tab, il
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1040774

ABSTRACT

Este estudo objetivou conhecer as evidências da estrutura interna da Dispositional Greed Scale (DGS) e os parâmetros de seus itens. Contou-se com a participação de 338 pessoas com média de idade de 26,5 anos (DP = 8,18), que responderam a DGS e perguntas demográficas. Os resultados indicaram uma solução unifatorial da DGS (Ω = 0,75). Análises via Teoria de Resposta ao Item demonstraram que os itens da DGS discriminam adequadamente os participantes e exigem baixa a moderada quantidade de traço latente para serem endossados. Ademais, detectou-se funcionamento diferencial, quanto à variável sexo, em apenas um item da DGS que apresentou impacto reduzido nas curvas características do teste total. Conclui-se que a DGS reúne evidências que corroboram sua qualidade psicométrica, podendo ser utilizada em estudos futuros que objetivem mensurar a ganância no contexto brasileiro. (AU)


This study aimed to investigate the evidences of internal structure of the Dispositional Greed Scale (DGS) and to check the parameters of its items. Participants included 338 individuals with a mean age of 26.5 years old (SD = 8.18), who answered the DGS and demographic questions. Results supported the one-factorial solution of the DGS (Ω = 0.75), and the Item Response Theory analysis demonstrated that the items of the DGS discriminate participants properly and require low to moderate levels of latent trait to be endorsed. Furthermore, only one item displayed differential item functioning by sex, with low impact on item characteristic curves at overall test. In conclusion, the DGS shows evidences of its psychometric adequacy for use in future studies that aim to measure greed in Brazil. (AU)


El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer evidencias de la estructura interna de la Dispositional Greed Scale (DGS) y los parámetros de sus ítems. Los participantes fueron 338 personas con edad promedio de 26,5 años (DE = 8,18), que respondieron la DGS y preguntas demográficas. Los resultados indicaron una solución unifactorial de la DGS (Ω = 0,75). Los análisis por medio de la Teoría de Respuesta al Item demostraron que los ítems de la DGS discriminan adecuadamente los participantes,y exigen una cantidad baja a moderada de rasgo latente para ser respaldados. Además, se ha identificado el funcionamiento diferencial con relación a la variable sexo en un único ítem de la DGS, que presentó un impacto reducido en las curvas características del test total. Se concluye que la DGS reúne evidencias que confirman su calidad psicométrica, pudiendo ser utilizada en estudios futuros que tengan como objetivo medir la codicia en el contexto brasileño. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Psychometrics , Aspirations, Psychological , Reproducibility of Results
7.
Estilos clín ; 24(1): 62-70, Jan.-Apr. 2019. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1039836

ABSTRACT

emos pensado que a repetição da errância e da marginalidade na trajetória escolar de meninos e meninas que chegam à socioeducação acaba colocando a escola em um lugar complicado, um real não simbolizado em suas vidas. Ao não estarem incluídos nos sonhos e nas utopias educativas de nosso país, ao não serem sonhados como sujeitos educáveis e escolarizáveis, lhes apresentamos, enquanto sociedade, o que eles verbalizam: suas vidas se reduzem a matar ou morrer, ou seja, se encontram com o real da morte. Nesse contexto, abrimos algumas questões que irão nortear este artigo: o que se passa com esses adolescentes que migram da instituição escolar para a socioeducativa? O que temos feito, ou deixado de fazer, para que esses jovens não colem na escola e não se interessem pelo crime? Por que acabam por fazer suas trajetórias de vida junto ao tráfico e não nos bancos escolares? Qual a transmissão que aí não se faz? Que jovens a escola brasileira considera como "seus"?


Hemos pensado que la repetición de la equivocación y de la marginalidad en la trayectoria escolar de Hemos pensado que la repetición de la equivocación y de la marginalidad en la trayectoria escolar de niños y niñas que llegan a la socioeducación termina por dejar la escuela en un lugar complicado, un real no simbolizado en sus vidas. Al no estar incluidos en los sueños y en las utopías educativas de nuestro país, al no ser soñados como sujetos educables y escolarizables, les presentamos, como sociedad, lo que ellos verbalizan: sus vidas se reducen a matar o a morir, o sea, se encuentran con el real de la muerte. En ese contexto, abrimos algunas cuestiones que van a guiar el presente artículo: ¿Qué pasa con esos adolescentes que migran de la institución escolar a la institución socioeducativa? ¿Qué hemos hecho, o dejado de hacer, para que esos jóvenes no se interesen por en la escuela y se interesen más por el crimen? ¿Por qué acaban por tener sus trayectorias de vida junto al tráfico, pero no en los bancos escolares? ¿Cuál es la transmisión que no se hace? ¿Qué jóvenes la escuela brasileña les considera como "suyos"?


We have thought that the repetition of the wandering and the marginality in educational trajectory of boys and girls who arrive at socio-education ends up putting the school in a complicated status, a real not symbolized in their lives. By not being included in the educational dreams and utopias of our country, by not being dreamed as educable and schooling subjects, we present to them, as a society, what they verbalize: their lives are reduced to killing or dying, that is, they meet the real of death. In this context, some questions that will guide this article are presented: What happens to these adolescents who migrate from school to the socio-educational institution? What have we done, or failed to do, so that these young people do not stick to school and are more interested in crime? Why do they end up doing their life trajectories with the traffic, not with the school seats? What is the transmission that is not there? What young people does the Brazilian school consider as "theirs"?


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Student Dropouts/education , Student Dropouts/psychology , Education , Social Marginalization/psychology , Psychoanalysis , Aspirations, Psychological
8.
Korean Journal of Clinical Oncology ; (2): 121-126, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-788056

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of quilting suture extent on the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap (LDMCF) donor site and the necessity of drainage.METHODS: Clinical data of 136 breast cancer patients, who underwent breast reconstruction using LDMCF between May 2014 and December 2015, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into three groups. Group A: quilting sutures were performed on half of the LDMCF donor site and a closed suction drain was inserted. Group B: quilting sutures were performed for the entire LDMCF donor site and a closed suction drain was inserted. Group C: quilting sutures were performed for the entire LDMCF donor site and no drain was inserted. The duration of drainage, total drainage, length of hospital stay, number of postoperative aspirations for seroma removal, and total aspirated volume were compared.RESULTS: In the comparison of groups A and B, group B showed better results including the total amount of drained seroma, drain maintenance period, number of aspirations for seroma removal after drainage tube removal, total aspirated seroma, and hospitalization period with statistical significance (P<0.05). In the comparison of groups B and C, group C without drain showed no difference in all other variables except mean total drained seroma volume. Therefore, group C was superior to group A and there was no difference compared to group B with drain, even though the drain was not inserted.CONCLUSION: Total quilting suture at LDMCF donor site can reduce seroma formation and eliminate the need for a drain tube.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Aspirations, Psychological , Breast Neoplasms , Drainage , Hospitalization , Length of Stay , Mammaplasty , Myocutaneous Flap , Retrospective Studies , Seroma , Suction , Superficial Back Muscles , Sutures , Tissue Donors
9.
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research ; : 231-235, 2019.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-786625

ABSTRACT

Antithrombotics are increasingly used for the management and prevention of cardiovascular diseases, and endoscopists often have to decide whether to continue or stop these medications before endoscopy. The development of novel antithrombotics, such as direct oral anticoagulants, has complicated their management before endoscopy. Although the discontinuation of anticoagulants may decrease the incidence of bleeding after endoscopic procedures, discontinuation may also lead to more serious cardiovascular complications. Although the majority of current practice guidelines recommend continuation of antithrombotics before elective endoscopy and biopsy, surveys have shown that many endoscopists do not adhere to these guidelines, probably due to legal aspirations from post endoscopic bleeding. Thus, we examined the current guidelines for the management of antithrombotics before endoscopy.


Subject(s)
Anticoagulants , Aspirations, Psychological , Biopsy , Cardiovascular Diseases , Endoscopy , Hemorrhage , Incidence
10.
Journal of the Korean Dysphagia Society ; (2): 16-25, 2019.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-719563

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To examine the clinical factors and brain lesion locations related to the patterns of dysphagia in stroke patients in a rehabilitation hospital. METHODS: The medical records of 116 stroke patients who underwent a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) between January 2010 and January 2015 in a rehabilitation hospital were reviewed retrospectively. The swallowing-related parameters were assessed using a VFSS. The brain lesion locations were classified as the cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus, midbrain, pons, medulla, cerebellum, and others (subarachnoid or intraventricular hemorrhage). The ambulation ability was assessed using functional ambulation categories (FACs). The independence in the activities of daily living and the degree of cognitive impairment were assessed using the Korean versions of the modified Barthel index (K-MBI) and Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), respectively. After adjusting for the potential confounding factors in multivariate analysis, the odds ratios and confidence intervals of the stroke brain lesions were calculated and the clinical factors for predicting the VFSS findings were determined. RESULTS: Among the 116 patients, 35 (27%) had an impaired oral stage and 58 (50%) had aspiration. The impaired oral stage was associated significantly with the onset time, basal ganglia stroke, dietary and fluid intake methods at the time of the VFSS, symptoms of dysphagia, FACs, K-MBI, and K-MMSE. Aspiration was correlated with a pontine stroke, methods of dietary and fluid intakes at the time of the VFSS, symptoms of dysphagia, FACs, and K-MBI. Multivariate analysis showed that the pontine stroke and methods of dietary and fluid intake at the time of VFSS predicted aspiration after adjusting for the potential confounding factors. In subgroup analysis of the diet type, the liquid and semisolid aspirations were correlated with the dietary and fluid intake methods and pontine stroke, respectively. CONCLUSION: Patients with a pons lesion stroke, who are on a modified diet (fluid thickening and tube feeding), have higher risks of aspiration. This provides evidence for precise clinical reasoning in this specific patient group.


Subject(s)
Humans , Activities of Daily Living , Aspirations, Psychological , Basal Ganglia , Brain , Cerebellum , Cognition Disorders , Deglutition Disorders , Deglutition , Diet , Medical Records , Mesencephalon , Multivariate Analysis , Odds Ratio , Oral Stage , Pons , Rehabilitation , Retrospective Studies , Stroke , Thalamus , Walking
11.
Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery ; : 154-158, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-762741

ABSTRACT

Many studies have demonstrated that an autologous fat graft (AFG) can be a successful alternative to prosthetic breast augmentation; however, with the increasing use of this method, there are also increasing reports of complications. We report a case of severe infection after augmentation mammoplasty with a massive AFG. A 23-year-old woman had undergone primary AFG for breast augmentation. The remaining fat was reused for secondary graft 46 days after the primary transplantation. The patient was referred to our hospital with infectious signs on both breasts. Antibiotics were administered according to the bacterial culture result of the abscess aspirated with ultrasonography (US) guidance. During antibiotic treatment, two US-guided abscess aspirations were performed. Although follow-up magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated reduced abscess and fluid collection after aspiration, the skin of the lower pole of the right breast was perforated. We performed liposuction with real-time US guidance for abscess localization. The abscess and necrotic fat tissue were removed through liposuction. Thereafter, the symptoms, signs, and laboratory and radiologic findings demonstrated complete improvement. The patient was successfully treated while maintaining the breast contour through localized abscess removal, with a much smaller liposuction scar than would have resulted from aggressive excision or drainage.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Young Adult , Abscess , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Aspirations, Psychological , Breast , Cicatrix , Drainage , Follow-Up Studies , Lipectomy , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mammaplasty , Methods , Skin , Transplants , Ultrasonography
12.
Psychol. av. discip ; 12(2): 75-86, jul.-dic. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1250579

ABSTRACT

Resumen Se trata de una investigación documental, cuyo objetivo fue identificar el estado de la psicología de la salud en Colombia durante los años 2012 a 2018, a partir de la información disponible sobre grupos de investigación y programas de formación en psicología. Los resultados indican que 183 universidades ofertan el programa de pregrado en psicología, de los cuáles 61 incluyen asignaturas relacionadas con psicología de la salud; así mismo, existen siete programas de formación posgradual y tres de formación continuada sobre esta especialidad; respecto a los grupos de investigación en psicología, se identifican 177, de los cuales, 52, investigan sobre psicología de la salud, siendo más frecuente los temas relacionados con evaluación y en menor medida, los afines con gerencia en salud. Se concluye, que existe un incremento en el número de grupos de investigación y de programas en los diferentes niveles de formación profesional en psicología de la salud, identificando mayor interés en la evaluación por encima de la intervención y diferencias en temas de interés y número de horas por asignaturas, independientemente del nivel de formación.


Abstract This is a documentary research, whose objective was to identify the state of Health Psychology in Colombia during the years 2012 to 2018, based on the available information on research groups and training programs in Psychology. The results indicate that 183 universities offer the undergraduate program in Psychology, which 61 of them, include subjects related to Health Psychology; likewise, there are seven postgraduate training programs and three continuous training programs on this specialty; regarding the research groups in Psychology, 177 are identified, in which, 52 of them, research on Health Psychology, being more frequent the topics related to evaluation and in lesser extent, those related to health management. It is concluded that there is an increase in the number of research groups and programs at different levels of professional training in Health Psychology, identifying greater interest in the evaluation over the intervention and differences in topics of interest and number of hours per subject, regardless to the training level.


Subject(s)
Aspirations, Psychological , Behavioral Medicine , Research Groups , Professional Training , Organization and Administration , Research , Behavioral Medicine , Health , Health Management , Education , Education, Continuing
13.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 38(1): 63-73, jan.-mar.2018. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-882647

ABSTRACT

Este estudo teve como objetivo elaborar uma medida de perspectiva de futuro infantil, reunindo evidências de sua validade fatorial e consistência interna. Realizou-se um estudo com 405 estudantes do ensino fundamental de João Pessoa (PB), divididos em dois grupos: Grupo 1 (G1; 203 crianças, Midade = 11 anos e 53% do sexo masculino) e Grupo 2 (G2; 202 crianças, Midade = 11 anos e 54% do sexo feminino). Eles responderam a Escala de Perspectiva de Futuro Infantil e perguntas demográficas. Considerando os participantes do G1, realizou-se uma análise fatorial exploratória que permitiu identificar três fatores: otimismo frente ao futuro (α = 0,69; 5 itens), aspirações por bens materiais (α = 0,67; 5 itens) e aspirações por família (α = 0,67; 4 itens). Posteriormente, tiveram-se em conta os participantes do G2, comprovou-se a adequação desta estrutura com três fatores, observando-se indicadores de ajuste meritórios [χ²/gl = 2,21, GFI = 0,91, CFI = 0,89 e RMSEA = 0,078 (IC90% = 0,058-0,097)]. Os coeficientes de homogeneidade e confiabilidade composta para os três fatores foram, respectivamente, como seguem: otimismo frente ao futuro (0,33 e 0,65), aspirações por bens materiais (0,36 e 0,71) e aspirações por família (0,36 e 0,70). Concluindo, existem evidências de validade fatorial e consistência interna desta escala, que poderá ser adequadamente utilizar para medir perspectiva de future em crianças, favorecendo conhecer seus correlatos....(AU)


This study aimed to elaborate a measure of children's future perspective, gathering evidence of its factorial validity and reliability. It was taken into account 405 students from elementary school in João Pessoa (PB), divided into two groups: Group 1 (G1; 203 children, MAge = 11 years, and 53% male) and Group 2 (G2; 202 children, MAge = 11 years, and 54% female). They answered the Children's Future PerspectiveScale and demographic questions. An exploratory factor analysis was carried out with participants of G1, revealing three factors: optimism towards the future (α = .69; 5 items), aspirations for material possessions (α = .67; 5 items) and aspirations for family (α = .64; 4 items). Considering the participants in G2, we test the previous three-factor model, using a confirmatory factor analysis, which showed meritorious fit index [χ²/df = 2.21, GFI = .91, CFI = .89, and RMSEA = .078 (CI90% = .058-.097)]. The homogeneity and composed reliability, respectively, for the three factors were as following: optimism towards the future (.33 and .65), aspirations for material possessions (.36 and .71) and aspirations for family (.36 and .70). In conclusion, there is evidence of factorial validity and reliability of this scale, which is suitable to measure children's future perspective, permitting to know its correlates....(AU)


Este estudio tuvo como objetivo elaborar una medida de perspectiva de futuro infantil, reuniendo evidencias de su validez factorial y fiabilidad. Participaron 405 estudiantes de la enseñanza primaria de João Pessoa (PB), divididos en dos grupos: Grupo 1 (G1; 203 niños, Medad = 11 años y 53% hombres) y Grupo 2 (G2; 202 niños, Medad = 11 años y 54% mujeres). Ellos han contestado la Escala de Perspectiva de Futuro Infantil y preguntas demográficas. Considerando los participantes del G1, se ha realizado un análisis factorial exploratorio que indicó tres factores: optimismo hacia al futuro (α = 0.69; 5 ítems), aspiraciones por bienes materiales (α = 0.67; 5 ítems) y aspiraciones por familia (α = 0.67; 4 ítems). Teniendo en cuenta los participantes del G2, se ha comprobado la estructura con tres factores, que presentó indicadores de ajuste meritorios [χ²/gl = 2.21, GFI = 0.91, CFI = 0.89 y RMSEA = 0.078 (IC90% = 0.058-0.097)]. La homogeneidad y fiabilidad compuesta para los tres factores han sido, respectivamente, como siguen: optimismo hacia al futuro (0.33 y 0.65), aspiraciones por bienes materiales (0.36 y 0.71) y aspiraciones por familia (0.36 y 0.70). Concluyendo, se han observado evidencias de validez factorial y fiabilidad de esta escala, favoreciendo medir la perspectiva de futuro de los infantes, además de conocer sus correlatos....(AU)


Subject(s)
Child , Adaptation to Disasters , Aspirations, Psychological , Evidence-Informed Policy , Family , Optimism , Psychometrics , Time , Perception , Psychology
14.
Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine ; : 267-270, 2018.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-739970

ABSTRACT

As a safety measure, dentures are routinely removed before surgery. Aspiration of a denture could be catastrophic, with medicolegal implications. Foreign body aspiration is uncommon in adults; however, aspirations may remain asymptomatic and undiagnosed for long periods of time. We report an adult male who presented with a cough for more than 6 months. On radiography, a foreign body was found migrating within the tracheobronchial tree from one mainstem bronchus to the other, at different time points. The foreign body was later found to be a portion of his denture. The aspiration may have occurred at the time of a surgical procedure.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Airway Management , Aspirations, Psychological , Bronchi , Bronchoscopy , Cough , Dentures , Foreign Bodies , Radiography , Trees
15.
Movimento (Porto Alegre) ; 23(1): 119-132, jan. -mar. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-833589

ABSTRACT

El presente artículo se propone analizar los diversos sentidos que un grupo de nadadores master otorgan a la noción nativa de sacrificio y los modos en que, a través de ella, se configuran moralidades y prácticas específicas. Se buscará profundizar en la especificidad del caso de la natación master, donde las representaciones se encuentran atravesadas no sólo por las dimensiones económicas y corporales, sino que juega un rol fundamental la dimensión etaria. Prestando especial atención a los modos en que, a partir del trabajo y del esfuerzo corporal, los nadadores incorporan una ética del sacrificio que da cuenta de un universo moral particular, a través del cual se construyen fronteras simbólicas y distinciones sociales que nos permitirán preguntar por el modo en que el sacrificio opera como particularidad de clase en la práctica deportiva de este grupo en particular(AU)


O presente artigo se propõe a analisar os diversos sentidos que um grupo de nadadores máster concede à noção nativa de sacrifício e os modos em que através dela se configuram moralidades e práticas específicas. Buscar-se-á aprofundar a especificidade do caso da natação máster, em que as representações se encontram permeadas não apenas pelas dimensões econômicas e corporais, mas também pela dimensão etária, que exerce um papel fundamental. Será dada especial atenção à maneira como, a partir do trabalho e do esforço corporal, os nadadores incorporam uma ética do sacrifício que dá conta de um universo moral particular. Nesse universo se constroem fronteiras simbólicas e distinções sociais que nos permitirão perguntar pelo modo em que o sacrifício opera como particularidade de classe na prática esportiva desse grupo particular(AU)


This article analyzes the distinct meanings ascribed by a group of master swimmers to the native notion of sacrifice and the ways moralities and specific practices are set through it. It will look further into the particular case of master swimming, where representations are crossed not only by economic and physical dimensions, but also by age. It pays particular attention to the ways in which swimmers, through work and physical effort, incorporate an ethic of sacrifice that accounts for a particular moral universe, through which symbolic boundaries and social distinctions are built that enable us to ask about the way sacrifice operates as a class sign in the sport practice of that particular group(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aspirations, Psychological , Motivation , Physical Exertion , Swimming
16.
Journal of Laboratory Medicine and Quality Assurance ; : 132-140, 2017.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-100911

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hemolytic specimens contain components that interfere with clinical laboratory results. We evaluated previously published hemolysis indices (HI) and developed an algorithm for differentiating between mechanical hemolysis and immune-mediated hemolysis based on complete blood count (CBC). METHODS: Sixty-three residual EDTA (ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid)-anticoagulated blood specimens were obtained during regular health check-ups, and each specimen was divided into 3 aliquots (A control, B, and C group). Aliquots B and C were mechanically hemolysed by 2 and 5 aspirations, respectively, using a 25-gauge needle before testing; aliquot A was analysed immediately without hemolysis. Additionally, we collected 36 specimens from patients suspected of having immune-mediated hemolysis after thorough reviewing their various laboratory results including direct antiglobulin test. We compared CBC parameters between the groups (A, B, C, D [B+C], and E [immune-mediated hemolysis group]). RESULTS: Our HI scoring system using the sum of red blood cell ghosts, measured hemoglobin-calculated hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration-corpuscular hemoglobin concentration mean, and mean platelet volume rather than mean corpuscular hemoglobin, effectively identified mechanical hemolysis; the results were similar to those of previous studies. Furthermore, the HI score using the sum of mean corpuscular volume, red cell distribution width, hemoglobin distribution width, polymorphonuclear %, and neutrophil % differentiated mechanical hemolysis from immune-mediated hemolysis (cut-off, 9; sensitivity, 91.7%; specificity, 92.9%; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.965 [95% confidence interval, 0.924–0.988]). CONCLUSIONS: The newly developed algorithm may provide effective screening for detecting hemolysis and differential diagnosis of mechanical hemolysis and immune-mediated hemolysis based on CBC results.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aspirations, Psychological , Blood Cell Count , Coombs Test , Diagnosis, Differential , Edetic Acid , Erythrocyte Indices , Erythrocytes , Hemolysis , In Vitro Techniques , Mass Screening , Mean Platelet Volume , Needles , Neutrophils , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and Specificity
17.
Archives of Plastic Surgery ; : 308-312, 2017.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-21727

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Donor site seroma is the most common complication after latissimus dorsi (LD) flap harvest. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in preventing donor site seroma formation after the harvest of an LD flap for breast reconstruction. METHODS: In this prospective matched-pair study, 40 patients in whom an LD flap was harvested for breast reconstruction were enrolled. NPWT was used in 20 patients, and in a control group composed of another 20 patients, the conventional donor site dressing technique was used. Information was collected regarding postoperative complications, the incidence of seroma, total drainage volume, the number of percutaneous seroma aspirations, and the volume aspirated. RESULTS: In the NPWT group, the incidence of seroma formation after drain removal was significantly lower than in the control group (15% vs. 70%; odds ratio=0.07; relative risk, 0.24). Both the mean percutaneous aspirated volume (P=0.004) and the number of percutaneous aspirations (P=0.001) were also significantly lower in the NPWT group. There were no significant differences in the total drainage volume or the duration of wound drainage between the NPWT dressing group and the control group (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that NPWT is a promising tool for reducing the incidence of seroma formation after removing the drain at the donor site after LD flap harvesting. It is a simple and safe technique.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Aspirations, Psychological , Bandages , Cohort Studies , Drainage , Incidence , Mammaplasty , Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy , Postoperative Complications , Prospective Studies , Seroma , Superficial Back Muscles , Surgical Flaps , Tissue Donors , Wounds and Injuries
18.
Journal of the Korean Medical Association ; : 969-976, 2016.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-32825

ABSTRACT

Patient expectations for specialized medical care have spawned fellowship programs that require additional subspecialty training after residency training completion. The present study assessed the curricula and training environment adequacy of fellowship programs as perceived by current trainees and identified improvement areas for South Korea's overall fellowship program. A questionnaire was distributed to 1,764 fellows training at 6 university hospitals in Seoul, Korea during October 2014. From a return rate of 33.1%, 26.2% (403 responses) of all questionnaires distributed were compete enough to include in the analysis. Fellows participating in the survey were enrolled in fellowship programs with occupational aspirations of professorship and academic aspirations of subspecialty exploration. Nevertheless, more than half of the participating fellows did not have a clear understanding of their program's objectives. Many hoped for reduced clinical hours, increased research time allowance, and higher pay compared to current training environment and salary. The fellows' satisfaction with their program's curriculum and training environment was above 3 points on a Likert scale of 1 to 5. Receiving a training objective and financial support for academic activities by the training institution were factors influencing fellows' satisfaction level regarding both the curriculum and training environment. Clearly defined program objectives, a specialized curriculum for fellows, improved working conditions, and reflection on medical workforce policies are imperative for the advancement of Korean fellowship programs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aspirations, Psychological , Curriculum , Fellowships and Scholarships , Financial Support , Hope , Hospitals, University , Internship and Residency , Korea , Personal Satisfaction , Salaries and Fringe Benefits , Seoul
19.
An. Fac. Med. (Perú) ; 76(4): 349-359, oct.-dic.2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-781103

ABSTRACT

Describir y delimitar el proceso de vocación quirúrgica y las variables que se le asocian. Diseño. Estudio cuali-cuantitativo, transversal, de casos seleccionados, analizados con propósito descriptivo. Metodología. Previo consentimiento informado se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad, audio-grabadas, a un grupo de 40 cirujanos en ejercicio. Principales medidas de resultados. Vocación quirúrgica. Resultados. Fueron de sexo masculino 95 por ciento, edad promedio 65 años (41 a 86 años), promedio de años de experiencia médica 35,4 (10 a 68), promedio de experiencia quirúrgica 30,2 años (3 a 59). De la formación profesional, 85 por ciento correspondió al sistema de residentado quirúrgico universitario y 15 por ciento al de especialidad no escolarizada. La vocación quirúrgica es un proceso que puede iniciarse en diferentes etapas de la vida. Cuando ocurre previo a los estudios universitarios (17,5 por ciento de la muestra estudiada) se asocia a alta influencia familiar (padre o tíos cirujanos). Más frecuentemente (80 por ciento) emerge durante el pregrado, al influjo de diversos estímulos formativos que provee la propia escuela de formación médica y/o docentes paradigmáticos. En un caso (2,5 por ciento), la vocación había nacido muy temprana, sin que el entrevistado pudiera explicar su origen. Conclusiones: La vocación quirúrgica se sustenta en una sólida vocación de servicio. El cirujano con real vocación experimenta placer en la realización de las actividades quirúrgicas, a la par que visualiza el manejo del paciente y su familia de manera integral y ética. Finalmente, se discuten nuevas hipótesis de investigación en esta área surgidas del estudio y se dan recomendaciones para la enseñanza profesional de la cirugía incluyendo la ética como una necesidad básica de ella...


To describe and delimit the surgical vocation process and associated factors. Design. Selected cases cross-sectional study qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed withdescriptive purpose. Methods. Previous informed consent in depth audio-recorded interviews was carried out in 40 surgeons in current professional practice. Main outcome measures. Surgical vocation. Results. Males represented 95 per cent; mean age was 65 years (41-86), mean medical experience 35.4 years (10-68), surgical experience 30.2 years (03-59). Training centers: 85 per cent had university surgical training and 15 per cent non-university training. Surgical vocation is a process that can begin in different periods of the life's cycle. When it does before university studies (17.5 per cent of the studied sample) it is mainly associated to strong family influence (parents or uncles surgeons). More frequently (80 per cent) it emerges during medical undergraduate studies, under the influence of diverse formative stimuli provided by the medical school and/or paradigmatic professors. In one case (2.5 per cent) surgical vocation had emerged at an early age whose origin the interviewed could not explain. Conclusions. Surgical vocation is based on solid service vocation. The surgeon with substantive vocation experiences real pleasure in doing surgical activities being oriented to a comprehensive and ethical management of patient and family. Finally, new research hypothesis produced by this study in this area are discussed and recommendations are given for professional teaching of surgery including Ethics as a basic need in surgeon's training...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aspirations, Psychological , General Surgery , Faculty, Medical , Occupations , Surgery Department, Hospital , Ethics, Medical , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Analytical Epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies
20.
Interaçao psicol ; 19(2): 281-292, maio-ago. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1017170

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatura de artigos sobre projetos de vida na adolescência produzidos de 2000 até 2012 a fim de investigar se pesquisadores interessados na temática apresentam ou não uma definição de projeto de vida e, em caso afirmativo, quais são essas definições. Realizou-se a busca dos artigos na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde e no PsychNet da American Psychological Association. Consideraram-se apenas os artigos empíricos disponíveis online na íntegra. Identificaram-se 22 artigos. Os resultados indicaram que a maior parte dos estudos (63,6%) não apresenta uma definição explícita de projeto de vida. Quando isto ocorre, observou-se que existe uma multiplicidade de definições. Entretanto, observaram-se alguns aspectos comuns entre as considerações sobre projetos de vida nos artigos encontrados


The aim in this research was to undertake a literature review of empirical studies about life purpose in adolescence produced between the years 2000 and 2012 to investigate whether researchers interested in the topic have or not a definition of life purpose and, if so, what are these definitions. The search for articles was done in the Virtual Health Library and in the PsychNet of American Psychological Association. Only papers fully available online were considered. Twenty-two papers were identified. The results indicated that most of the studies (63.6%) does not provide an explicit definition of life. When this occurs, it was observed a variety of definitions. However, there were some commonalities among the considerations of life purpose in the papers


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Aspirations, Psychological , Psychology, Adolescent
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